// **********************************************************************
//
// Copyright (c) 2003-2016 ZeroC, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// This copy of Ice is licensed to you under the terms described in the
// ICE_LICENSE file included in this distribution.
//
// **********************************************************************

#include <Glacier2/ProxyVerifier.h>

#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
using namespace Ice;

//
// TODO: Some of the address matching helper classes can probably be
// refactored out. It's a question of whether to keep really simple
// differences refactored into separate classes or go to fewer but
// slightly smarter classes.
//

//
// Proxy rule implementations.
//
namespace Glacier2
{

//
// A numeric range that can be encoded in a filter.
//
struct Range
{
    long start;
    long end;
};

static void
parseGroup(const string& parameter, vector<int>& validPorts, vector<Range>& ranges)
{
    istringstream istr(parameter);
    while(!istr.eof())
    {
        ws(istr);
        int value;
        if(!(istr >> value))
        {
            throw string("expected number");
        }
        ws(istr);
        if(!istr.eof())
        {
            char c;
            if(istr >> c)
            {
                if(c == ',')
                {
                    validPorts.push_back(value);
                }
                else if(c == '-')
                {
                    Range r;
                    r.start = value;
                    ws(istr);
                    if(istr.eof())
                    {
                        throw string("Unterminated range");
                    }
                    if(!(istr >> value))
                    {
                        throw string("expected number");
                    }
                    r.end = value;
                    ws(istr);
                    if(!istr.eof())
                    {
                        istr >> c;
                        if(c != ',')
                        {
                            throw string("expected comma separator");
                        }
                    }
                    ranges.push_back(r);
                }
                else if(!istr.eof())
                {
                    throw string("unexpected trailing character");
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            validPorts.push_back(value);
        }
    }
}

//
// Base class for address matching operations.
//
class AddressMatcher
{
public:
    virtual ~AddressMatcher() {} 
    virtual bool match(const string&, string::size_type& pos) = 0;

    virtual const char* toString() const = 0;

protected:
};

class MatchesAny : public AddressMatcher
{
public:
    MatchesAny() 
    {
    }

    bool
    match(const string&, string::size_type&)
    {
        return true;
    }

    const char*
    toString() const
    {
        return "(ANY)";
    }
};

//
// Match the start of a string (i.e. position == 0). Occurs when filter
// string starts with a set of characters followed by a wildcard or
// numeric range. 
//
class StartsWithString : public AddressMatcher
{
public:
    StartsWithString(const string& criteria):
        _criteria(criteria),
        _description("starts with " + criteria)
    {
    }

    bool 
    match(const string& space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        assert(pos == 0);
        bool result = strncmp(space.c_str(), _criteria.c_str(), _criteria.size()) == 0;
        if(result)
        {
            pos += _criteria.size();
        }
        return result;
    }

    const char*
    toString() const
    {
        return _description.c_str();
    }

private:
    string _criteria;
    string _description;
};

//
// Match the end portion of a string. Occurs when a filter string starts
// with a wildcard or numeric range, but ends with a string.
//
class EndsWithString : public AddressMatcher
{
public:
    EndsWithString(const string& criteria):
        _criteria(criteria),
        _description("ends with " + criteria)
    {
    }

    bool 
    match(const string& space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        if(space.size() - pos < _criteria.size())
        {
            return false;
        }

        string::size_type spaceEnd = space.size();
        for(string::size_type i = _criteria.size(); i > 0; --i)
        {
            if(space[spaceEnd - 1] != _criteria[i-1])
            {
                return false;
            }
            --spaceEnd;
        }
        return true;
    }

    virtual const char*
    toString() const
    {
        return _description.c_str();
    }

private:
    string _criteria;
    string _description;
};

class MatchesString : public AddressMatcher
{
public: 
    MatchesString(const string& criteria):
        _criteria(criteria),
        _description("matches " + criteria)
    {
    }

    bool
    match(const string& space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        if(strncmp(space.c_str(), _criteria.c_str(), _criteria.size()) == 0)
        {
            pos += _criteria.size();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    virtual const char*
    toString() const
    {
        return _description.c_str();
    }

private:
    string _criteria;
    string _description;
};

//
// Match against somewhere within a string. Occurs when a filter
// contains a string bounded by wildcards, or numeric ranges. e.g. *bar*.com.
//
class ContainsString : public AddressMatcher
{
public:
    ContainsString(const string& criteria):
        _criteria(criteria),
        _description("contains " + criteria)
    {
    }

    bool
    match(const string& space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        string::size_type offset = space.find(_criteria, pos);
        if(offset == string::npos)
        {
            return false;
        }
        pos = offset + _criteria.size() +1;
        return true;
    }

    virtual const char*
    toString() const
    {
        return _description.c_str();
    }

private:
    string _criteria;
    string _description;
};

//
// Match a number against a range of values. This occurs when the filter
// contains a numeric range or group of numeric values. e.g. foo[1-3,
// 10].bar.com. Also used to match port numbers and ranges.
//
class MatchesNumber : public AddressMatcher
{
public:
    MatchesNumber(const vector<int>& values, const vector<Range>& ranges, 
                  const char* descriptionPrefix = "matches "):
        _values(values),
        _ranges(ranges)
    {
        ostringstream ostr;
        ostr << descriptionPrefix;
        {
            bool start = true;
            for(vector<int>::const_iterator i = values.begin(); i != values.end(); ++i)
            {
                if(start)
                {
                    if(values.size() > 1)
                    {
                        ostr << "one of ";
                    }
                    start = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    ostr << ", ";
                }

                ostr << *i;
            }
        }
        if(values.size() > 0 && ranges.size() > 0)
        {
            ostr << " or ";
        }
        {
            bool start = true;
            for(vector<Range>::const_iterator i = ranges.begin(); i != ranges.end(); ++i)
            {
                if(start)
                {
                    start = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    ostr << ", or";
                }
                ostr << i->start << " up to " << i->end;
            }
        }
        ostr << ends;
        _description = ostr.str();
    }

    bool
    match(const string & space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        istringstream istr(space.substr(pos));
        int val;
        if(!(istr >> val))
        {
            return false;
        }
        pos += static_cast<string::size_type>(istr.tellg());
        {
            for(vector<int>::const_iterator i = _values.begin(); i != _values.end(); ++i)
            {
                if(val == *i)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        {
            for(vector<Range>::const_iterator i = _ranges.begin(); i != _ranges.end(); ++i)
            {
                if((val >= i->start) && (val <= i->end))
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    virtual const char*
    toString() const
    {
        return _description.c_str();
    }

private:
    const vector<int> _values;
    const vector<Range> _ranges;
    string _description;
};

//
// Occurs when a numeric range is preceded by a wildcard.
//
class ContainsNumberMatch : public MatchesNumber
{
public:
    ContainsNumberMatch(const vector<int>& values, const vector<Range>& ranges):
        MatchesNumber(values, ranges, "contains ")
    {
    }

    bool 
    match(const string& space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        while(true) 
        {
            pos = space.find_first_of("0123456789", pos);
            if(pos == string::npos)
            {
                return false;
            }

            if(MatchesNumber::match(space, pos))
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
};

class EndsWithNumber : public MatchesNumber
{
public:
    EndsWithNumber(const vector<int>& values, const vector<Range>& ranges):
        MatchesNumber(values, ranges, "ends with ")
    {
    }

    bool 
    match(const string& space, string::size_type& pos)
    {
        pos = space.find_last_not_of("0123456789", pos);
        if(pos == space.size()-1)
        {
            return false;
        }

        return MatchesNumber::match(space, pos);
    }
};


//
// AddressMatcher factories abstract away the logic of which matching
// objects need to be created depending on the state of the filter
// string parsing. Similar to changing a tool that produces the right
// result depending on how far along you are in the job, the factories
// are selected according to what transition has occurred while parsing
// the filter string.
//
class AddressMatcherFactory
{
public:
    virtual ~AddressMatcherFactory() {} 

    virtual AddressMatcher* 
    create(const string& criteria) = 0;

    virtual AddressMatcher* 
    create(const vector<int>& ports, const vector<Range>& ranges) = 0;
};

class StartFactory : public AddressMatcherFactory
{
public:
    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const string& criteria)
    {
        return new StartsWithString(criteria);
    }

    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const vector<int>& ports, const vector<Range>& ranges)
    {
        return new MatchesNumber(ports, ranges);
    }
};

class WildCardFactory : public AddressMatcherFactory
{
public:
    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const string& criteria)
    {
        return new ContainsString(criteria);
    }

    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const vector<int>& ports, const vector<Range>& ranges)
    {
        return new ContainsNumberMatch(ports, ranges);
    }
};

class FollowingFactory : public AddressMatcherFactory
{
public:
    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const string& criteria)
    {
        return new MatchesString(criteria);
    }

    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const vector<int>& ports, const vector<Range>& ranges)
    {
        return new MatchesNumber(ports, ranges);
    }
};

class EndsWithFactory : public AddressMatcherFactory
{
public:
    AddressMatcher*
    create(const string& criteria)
    {
        return new EndsWithString(criteria);
    }

    AddressMatcher* 
    create(const vector<int>& ports, const vector<Range>& ranges)
    {
        return new EndsWithNumber(ports, ranges);
    }
};

//
// A proxy validation rule encapsulating an address filter.
//
class AddressRule : public Glacier2::ProxyRule
{
public:
    AddressRule(const CommunicatorPtr& communicator, const vector<AddressMatcher*>& address, MatchesNumber* port,
                const int traceLevel) :
        _communicator(communicator),
        _addressRules(address),
        _portMatcher(port),
        _traceLevel(traceLevel)
    {
    }

    ~AddressRule()
    {
        for(vector<AddressMatcher*>::const_iterator i = _addressRules.begin(); i != _addressRules.end(); ++i)
        {
            delete *i;
        }
        delete _portMatcher;
    }

    virtual bool 
    check(const ObjectPrx& prx) const
    {
        EndpointSeq endpoints = prx->ice_getEndpoints();
        if(endpoints.size() == 0)
        {
            return false;
        }

        for(EndpointSeq::const_iterator i = endpoints.begin(); i != endpoints.end(); ++i)
        {
            string info = (*i)->toString();
            string host;
            if(!extractPart("-h ", info, host))
            {
                return false;
            }
            string port;
            if(!extractPart("-p ", info, port))
            {
                return false;
            }

            string::size_type pos = 0;
            if(_portMatcher && !_portMatcher->match(port, pos))
            {
                if(_traceLevel >= 3)
                {
                    Trace out(_communicator->getLogger(), "Glacier2");
                    out << _portMatcher->toString() << " failed to match " << port << " at pos=" << pos << "\n";
                }
                return false;
            }

            pos = 0;
            for(vector<AddressMatcher*>::const_iterator i = _addressRules.begin(); i != _addressRules.end(); ++i)
            {
                if(!(*i)->match(host, pos))
                {
                    if(_traceLevel >= 3)
                    {
                        Trace out(_communicator->getLogger(), "Glacier2");
                        out << (*i)->toString() << " failed to match " << host << " at pos=" << pos << "\n";
                    }
                    return false;
                }
                if(_traceLevel >= 3)
                {
                    Trace out(_communicator->getLogger(), "Glacier2");
                    out << (*i)->toString() << " matched " << host << " at pos=" << pos << "\n";
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    void 
    dump() const
    {
        cerr << "address(";
        for(vector<AddressMatcher*>::const_iterator i = _addressRules.begin(); i != _addressRules.end(); ++i)
        {
            cerr << (*i)->toString() << " ";
        }
        if(_portMatcher != 0)
        {
            cerr << "):port(" << _portMatcher->toString() << " ";
        }
        cerr << ")" << endl;
    }

private:

    bool 
    extractPart(const char* opt, const string& source, string& result) const
    {
        string::size_type start = source.find(opt);
        if(start == string::npos)
        {
            return false;
        }
        start += strlen(opt);
        string::size_type end = source.find(' ', start);
        if(end != string::npos)
        {
            result = source.substr(start, end - start);
        }
        else
        {
            result = source.substr(start);
        }
        return true;
    }

    CommunicatorPtr _communicator;
    vector<AddressMatcher*> _addressRules;
    MatchesNumber* _portMatcher;
    const int _traceLevel;
};

static void
parseProperty(const Ice::CommunicatorPtr& communicator, const string& property, vector<ProxyRule*>& rules, 
              const int traceLevel)
{
    StartFactory startsWithFactory;
    WildCardFactory wildCardFactory;
    EndsWithFactory endsWithFactory;
    FollowingFactory followingFactory;
    vector<ProxyRule*> allRules;
    try
    {
        istringstream propertyInput(property);

        while(!propertyInput.eof() && propertyInput.good())
        {
            MatchesNumber* portMatch = 0;
            vector<AddressMatcher*> currentRuleSet;

            string parameter;
            ws(propertyInput);
            propertyInput >> parameter;

            string portInfo;
            string::size_type portPortion = parameter.find(':');

            string addr;
            if(portPortion != string::npos)
            {
                addr = parameter.substr(0, portPortion);
                string port = parameter.substr(portPortion + 1);
                string::size_type openBracket = port.find('[');
                if(openBracket != string::npos)
                {
                    ++openBracket;
                    string::size_type closeBracket = port.find(']', openBracket);
                    if(closeBracket == string::npos)
                    {
                        throw string("unclosed group");
                    }
                    port = port.substr(openBracket, closeBracket-openBracket);
                }
                vector<int> ports;
                vector<Range> ranges;
                parseGroup(port, ports, ranges);
                portMatch = new MatchesNumber(ports, ranges);
            }
            else
            {
                addr = parameter;
            }

            //
            // The addr portion can contain alphanumerics, * and
            // ranges.
            //
            string::size_type current = 0;

            if(current == addr.size())
            {
                throw string("expected address information before ':'");
            }

            //
            // TODO: assuming that there is no leading or trailing whitespace. This
            // should probably be confirmed.
            //
            assert(!isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(parameter[current])));
            assert(!isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(addr[addr.size() -1])));

            if(current != 0)
            {
                addr = addr.substr(current);
            }

            string::size_type mark = 0;
            bool inGroup = false;
            AddressMatcherFactory* currentFactory = &startsWithFactory;

            if(addr == "*")
            {
                //
                // Special case. Match everything.
                //
                currentRuleSet.push_back(new MatchesAny);
            }
            else
            {
                for(current = 0; current < addr.size(); ++current)
                {
                    if(addr[current] == '*')
                    {
                        if(inGroup)
                        {
                            throw string("wildcards not permitted in groups");
                        }
                        //
                        // current == mark when the wildcard is at the head of a
                        // string or directly after a group.
                        //
                        if(current != mark)
                        {
                            currentRuleSet.push_back(currentFactory->create(addr.substr(mark, current-mark)));
                        }
                        currentFactory = &wildCardFactory;
                        mark = current + 1;
                    }
                    else if(addr[current] == '[')
                    {
                        // ??? what does it mean if current == mark?
                        if(current != mark)
                        {
                            currentRuleSet.push_back(currentFactory->create(addr.substr(mark, current-mark)));
                            currentFactory = &followingFactory;
                        }
                        inGroup = true;
                        mark = current + 1;
                    }
                    else if(addr[current] == ']')
                    {
                        if(!inGroup)
                        {
                            throw string("group close without group start");
                        }
                        inGroup = false;
                        if(mark == current)
                        {
                            throw string("empty group");
                        }
                        string group = addr.substr(mark, current - mark);
                        vector<int> numbers;
                        vector<Range> ranges;
                        parseGroup(group, numbers, ranges);
                        currentRuleSet.push_back(currentFactory->create(numbers, ranges));
                        currentFactory = &followingFactory;
                        mark = current + 1;
                    }
                }
                currentFactory = &endsWithFactory;

                if(inGroup)
                {
                    throw string("unclosed group");
                }
                if(mark != current)
                {
                    currentRuleSet.push_back(currentFactory->create(addr.substr(mark, current - mark)));
                }
            }
            allRules.push_back(new AddressRule(communicator, currentRuleSet, portMatch, traceLevel));
        }
    }
    catch(...)
    {
        for(vector<ProxyRule*>::const_iterator i = allRules.begin(); i != allRules.end(); ++i)
        {
            delete *i;
        }
        throw;
    }
    rules = allRules;
}

//
// Helper function for checking a rule set. 
//
static bool
match(const vector<ProxyRule*>& rules, const ObjectPrx& proxy)
{
    for(vector<ProxyRule*>::const_iterator i = rules.begin(); i != rules.end(); ++i)
    {
        if((*i)->check(proxy))
        {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

//
// ProxyLengthRule returns 'true' if the string form of the proxy exceeds the configured
// length. 
//
class ProxyLengthRule : public ProxyRule
{
public:
    ProxyLengthRule(const CommunicatorPtr communicator, const string& count, int traceLevel) :
        _communicator(communicator),
        _traceLevel(traceLevel)
    {
        istringstream s(count);
        if(!(s >> _count) || !s.eof())
        {
            throw string("Error parsing ProxySizeMax property");
        }
        if(_count <= 0)
        {
            throw string("ProxySizeMax must be greater than 1");
        }
    }

    bool
    check(const ObjectPrx& p) const
    {
        string s = p->ice_toString();
        bool result = (s.size() > _count);
        if(_traceLevel >= 1)
        {
            Trace out(_communicator->getLogger(), "Glacier2");
            out << _communicator->proxyToString(p) << (result ? " exceeds " : " meets ") 
                << "proxy size restriction\n";
        }
        return result;
    }

private:
    const CommunicatorPtr _communicator;
    const int _traceLevel;
    unsigned long _count;
};

} // End proxy rule implementations.

Glacier2::ProxyVerifier::ProxyVerifier(const CommunicatorPtr& communicator):
    _communicator(communicator),
    _traceLevel(communicator->getProperties()->getPropertyAsInt("Glacier2.Client.Trace.Reject"))
{
    //
    // Evaluation order is dependant on how the rules are stored to the
    // rules vectors. 
    //
    string s = communicator->getProperties()->getProperty("Glacier2.Filter.Address.Accept");
    if(s != "")
    {
        try
        {
            Glacier2::parseProperty(communicator, s, _acceptRules, _traceLevel);
        }
        catch(const string& msg)
        {
            InitializationException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
            ex.reason = "invalid `Glacier2.Filter.Address.Accept' property:\n" + msg;
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    s = communicator->getProperties()->getProperty("Glacier2.Filter.Address.Reject");
    if(s != "")
    {
        try
        {
            Glacier2::parseProperty(communicator, s, _rejectRules, _traceLevel);
        }
        catch(const string& msg)
        {
            InitializationException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
            ex.reason = "invalid `Glacier2.Filter.Address.Reject' property:\n" + msg;
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    s = communicator->getProperties()->getProperty("Glacier2.Filter.ProxySizeMax");
    if(s != "")
    {
        try
        {
            _rejectRules.push_back(new ProxyLengthRule(communicator, s, _traceLevel));

        }
        catch(const string& msg)
        {
            InitializationException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
            ex.reason = "invalid `Glacier2.Filter.ProxySizeMax' property:\n" + msg;
            throw ex;
        }
    }
}

Glacier2::ProxyVerifier::~ProxyVerifier()
{
    for(vector<ProxyRule*>::const_iterator i = _acceptRules.begin(); i != _acceptRules.end(); ++i)
    {
        delete (*i);
    }
    for(vector<ProxyRule*>::const_iterator j = _rejectRules.begin(); j != _rejectRules.end(); ++j)
    {
        delete (*j);
   }
}

bool
Glacier2::ProxyVerifier::verify(const ObjectPrx& proxy)
{
    //
    // No rules have been defined so we accept all.
    //
    if(_acceptRules.size() == 0 && _rejectRules.size() == 0)
    {
        return true;
    }

    bool result = false;

    if(_rejectRules.size() == 0)
    {
        //
        // If there are no reject rules, we assume "reject all".
        //
        result = match(_acceptRules, proxy);
    }
    else if(_acceptRules.size() == 0)
    {
        //
        // If no accept rules are defined we assume accept all.
        //
        result = !match(_rejectRules, proxy);
    }
    else
    {
        if(match(_acceptRules, proxy))
        {
            result = !match(_rejectRules, proxy);
        }
    }

    //
    // The proxy rules take care of the tracing for higher trace levels.
    //
    if(_traceLevel > 0)
    {
        Trace out(_communicator->getLogger(), "Glacier2");
        if(result)
        {
            out << "accepted proxy " << _communicator->proxyToString(proxy) << '\n';
        }
        else
        {
            out << "rejected proxy " << _communicator->proxyToString(proxy) << '\n';
        }
    }
    return result;
}
