/*
 * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
 *
 * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
 * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package io.netty.channel.socket.nio;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelException;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelMetadata;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOutboundBuffer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPromise;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoop;
import io.netty.channel.FileRegion;
import io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioByteChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.DefaultSocketChannelConfig;
import io.netty.channel.socket.ServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannelConfig;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
import io.netty.util.internal.OneTimeTask;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

/**
 * {@link io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel} which uses NIO selector based implementation.
 */
public class NioSocketChannel extends AbstractNioByteChannel implements io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel {

    private static final ChannelMetadata METADATA = new ChannelMetadata(false);
    private static final SelectorProvider DEFAULT_SELECTOR_PROVIDER = SelectorProvider.provider();

    private static SocketChannel newSocket(SelectorProvider provider) {
        try {
            /**
             *  Use the {@link SelectorProvider} to open {@link SocketChannel} and so remove condition in
             *  {@link SelectorProvider#provider()} which is called by each SocketChannel.open() otherwise.
             *
             *  See <a href="https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2308">#2308</a>.
             */
            return provider.openSocketChannel();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new ChannelException("Failed to open a socket.", e);
        }
    }

    private final SocketChannelConfig config;

    /**
     * Create a new instance
     */
    public NioSocketChannel() {
        this(newSocket(DEFAULT_SELECTOR_PROVIDER));
    }

    /**
     * Create a new instance using the given {@link SelectorProvider}.
     */
    public NioSocketChannel(SelectorProvider provider) {
        this(newSocket(provider));
    }

    /**
     * Create a new instance using the given {@link SocketChannel}.
     */
    public NioSocketChannel(SocketChannel socket) {
        this(null, socket);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new instance
     *
     * @param parent    the {@link Channel} which created this instance or {@code null} if it was created by the user
     * @param socket    the {@link SocketChannel} which will be used
     */
    public NioSocketChannel(Channel parent, SocketChannel socket) {
        super(parent, socket);
        config = new NioSocketChannelConfig(this, socket.socket());
    }

    @Override
    public ServerSocketChannel parent() {
        return (ServerSocketChannel) super.parent();
    }

    @Override
    public ChannelMetadata metadata() {
        return METADATA;
    }

    @Override
    public SocketChannelConfig config() {
        return config;
    }

    @Override
    protected SocketChannel javaChannel() {
        return (SocketChannel) super.javaChannel();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isActive() {
        SocketChannel ch = javaChannel();
        return ch.isOpen() && ch.isConnected();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isInputShutdown() {
        return super.isInputShutdown();
    }

    @Override
    public InetSocketAddress localAddress() {
        return (InetSocketAddress) super.localAddress();
    }

    @Override
    public InetSocketAddress remoteAddress() {
        return (InetSocketAddress) super.remoteAddress();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isOutputShutdown() {
        return javaChannel().socket().isOutputShutdown() || !isActive();
    }

    @Override
    public ChannelFuture shutdownOutput() {
        return shutdownOutput(newPromise());
    }

    @Override
    public ChannelFuture shutdownOutput(final ChannelPromise promise) {
        Executor closeExecutor = ((NioSocketChannelUnsafe) unsafe()).prepareToClose();
        if (closeExecutor != null) {
            closeExecutor.execute(new OneTimeTask() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    shutdownOutput0(promise);
                }
            });
        } else {
            EventLoop loop = eventLoop();
            if (loop.inEventLoop()) {
                shutdownOutput0(promise);
            } else {
                loop.execute(new OneTimeTask() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        shutdownOutput0(promise);
                    }
                });
            }
        }
        return promise;
    }

    private void shutdownOutput0(final ChannelPromise promise) {
        try {
            javaChannel().socket().shutdownOutput();
            promise.setSuccess();
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            promise.setFailure(t);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected SocketAddress localAddress0() {
        return javaChannel().socket().getLocalSocketAddress();
    }

    @Override
    protected SocketAddress remoteAddress0() {
        return javaChannel().socket().getRemoteSocketAddress();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doBind(SocketAddress localAddress) throws Exception {
        javaChannel().socket().bind(localAddress);
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean doConnect(SocketAddress remoteAddress, SocketAddress localAddress) throws Exception {
        if (localAddress != null) {
            javaChannel().socket().bind(localAddress);
        }

        boolean success = false;
        try {
            boolean connected = javaChannel().connect(remoteAddress);
            if (!connected) {
                selectionKey().interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
            }
            success = true;
            return connected;
        } finally {
            if (!success) {
                doClose();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doFinishConnect() throws Exception {
        if (!javaChannel().finishConnect()) {
            throw new Error();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doDisconnect() throws Exception {
        doClose();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doClose() throws Exception {
        super.doClose();
        javaChannel().close();
    }

    @Override
    protected int doReadBytes(ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {
        return byteBuf.writeBytes(javaChannel(), byteBuf.writableBytes());
    }

    @Override
    protected int doWriteBytes(ByteBuf buf) throws Exception {
        final int expectedWrittenBytes = buf.readableBytes();
        return buf.readBytes(javaChannel(), expectedWrittenBytes);
    }

    @Override
    protected long doWriteFileRegion(FileRegion region) throws Exception {
        final long position = region.transfered();
        return region.transferTo(javaChannel(), position);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doWrite(ChannelOutboundBuffer in) throws Exception {
        for (;;) {
            int size = in.size();
            if (size == 0) {
                // All written so clear OP_WRITE
                clearOpWrite();
                break;
            }
            long writtenBytes = 0;
            boolean done = false;
            boolean setOpWrite = false;

            // Ensure the pending writes are made of ByteBufs only.
            ByteBuffer[] nioBuffers = in.nioBuffers();
            int nioBufferCnt = in.nioBufferCount();
            long expectedWrittenBytes = in.nioBufferSize();
            SocketChannel ch = javaChannel();

            // Always us nioBuffers() to workaround data-corruption.
            // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2761
            switch (nioBufferCnt) {
                case 0:
                    // We have something else beside ByteBuffers to write so fallback to normal writes.
                    super.doWrite(in);
                    return;
                case 1:
                    // Only one ByteBuf so use non-gathering write
                    ByteBuffer nioBuffer = nioBuffers[0];
                    for (int i = config().getWriteSpinCount() - 1; i >= 0; i --) {
                        final int localWrittenBytes = ch.write(nioBuffer);
                        if (localWrittenBytes == 0) {
                            setOpWrite = true;
                            break;
                        }
                        expectedWrittenBytes -= localWrittenBytes;
                        writtenBytes += localWrittenBytes;
                        if (expectedWrittenBytes == 0) {
                            done = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    for (int i = config().getWriteSpinCount() - 1; i >= 0; i --) {
                        final long localWrittenBytes = ch.write(nioBuffers, 0, nioBufferCnt);
                        if (localWrittenBytes == 0) {
                            setOpWrite = true;
                            break;
                        }
                        expectedWrittenBytes -= localWrittenBytes;
                        writtenBytes += localWrittenBytes;
                        if (expectedWrittenBytes == 0) {
                            done = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
            }

            // Release the fully written buffers, and update the indexes of the partially written buffer.
            in.removeBytes(writtenBytes);

            if (!done) {
                // Did not write all buffers completely.
                incompleteWrite(setOpWrite);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected AbstractNioUnsafe newUnsafe() {
        return new NioSocketChannelUnsafe();
    }

    private final class NioSocketChannelUnsafe extends NioByteUnsafe {
        @Override
        protected Executor prepareToClose() {
            try {
                if (javaChannel().isOpen() && config().getSoLinger() > 0) {
                    // We need to cancel this key of the channel so we may not end up in a eventloop spin
                    // because we try to read or write until the actual close happens which may be later due
                    // SO_LINGER handling.
                    // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/4449
                    doDeregister();
                    return GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE;
                }
            } catch (Throwable ignore) {
                // Ignore the error as the underlying channel may be closed in the meantime and so
                // getSoLinger() may produce an exception. In this case we just return null.
                // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/4449
            }
            return null;
        }
    }

    private final class NioSocketChannelConfig  extends DefaultSocketChannelConfig {
        private NioSocketChannelConfig(NioSocketChannel channel, Socket javaSocket) {
            super(channel, javaSocket);
        }

        @Override
        protected void autoReadCleared() {
            setReadPending(false);
        }
    }
}
